show Abstracthide AbstractCastanea sativa is declining since the beginning of the XX century due to ink disease caused by P. cinnamomi and P. cambivora, with considerable negative effects on fruit production and ecosystems. With the aim of advancing in the knowledge of defense mecanisms in chestnut to the ink disease, 454 pyrosequencing of four cDNA libraries was achieved. Three clones of the sensitive species C. sativa and 6 clones of the resistant species C. crenata were included, inoculated and mock-inoculated with P. cinnamomi. RNA-seq permitted the comparison of the two species' response to the pathogen at gene expression and pathway level.